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國立清華大學科技法律研究所
 
  清華大學素以理工學科聞名於世,不過,在近年努力朝向綜合大學的發展過程中所漸次設立的人文社會科學相關領域科系,也同樣開啟了國人在高等教育上的新視野,證明了清華大學在人文社會學科領域也有優異的學術表現。除了傳統人文社會科學外,隨著科技之迅速發展,法律及管理等領域與科技間的互動,與台灣社會經濟與文化的永續發展愈益相關。位居科技產業發展重鎮之清華大學,在追求卓越學術研究成果的同時,自然也必須正視與關切如何透過法律及管理等相關學門之發展,以回應社會的殷切需求。

  在上述氛圍與沈君山、刁錦寰、張忠謀、陳長文等諸社會賢達的多方奔走下,清華大學科技管理學院於民國89年正式奉准設立,而設於科技管理學院之下的科技法律研究所亦於同年開始招生,並於9月開學,成為國內最早經教育部認可設立的科技法律研究所。此一突破性的發展,對於科技與法律跨領域研究以及人才之培養,具有深遠的意義,亦展現清華大學於知識經濟時代追求卓越之強烈企圖心。科技法律研究所之成立,正是追求「發展清華大學為學術卓越、提供高品質教學、有優質研究教學環境、學術領域完整且均衡發展、具特色校園文化、經營績效卓越、與社區及科學園區共榮、與社會及產業緊密互動之具國際水準之國際化一流大學」願景之重要且不可或缺的一環。

  依據Ranking of Law Faculty Quality就美國法學教育專業能量所作的比較研究,排名前25的法學院(諸如史丹佛或柏克萊大學法學院),多數都已將與智慧財產相關法律課程列為重要專業,主要原因自然與該等大學緊鄰科技發展中心有關。緊鄰台灣新竹科學園區的清華大學,同樣擁有這份優勢。此外,以史丹佛為例,其智慧財產的課程是涵蓋在Stanford Program in Law, Science & Technology中,而該科技法律學程則係由三個中心所組成,分別為「電子商務學程中心」、「網路與社會中心」與「法律與生技中心」,由數位教授支持。清華大學科技法律研究所最初的整體規劃,即十分類似Stanford Program in Law, Science & Technology;在課程的設計上,緊密對應著毗鄰科技中心之前瞻趨勢,惟本所除了核心之智慧財產領域外,更將重心擴張涵蓋資訊通訊、生醫科技與環境能源等領域,並以比較國際法學作為其學習基礎,期待能提供更貼近台灣社會在科技發展需求上之人才與服務。

  本所最初之規劃,係提供科技背景(理、工、醫、農)畢業生跨入科技法律領域之機會,並以菁英教育為宗旨,期待透過法律與科技知識之整合,進一步培養明日的社會領袖。因此,於設立初始僅招收科技背景之學生,先充實其基礎法學之訓練,再提供智慧財產權、生醫科技、資訊通訊與環境能源科技等領域之專業訓練。創所兩年後,為配合社會對於跨領域法律學習之多元需求,開始招收大學法律系畢業生,並將科技背景畢業生及法律系畢業生區分為甲乙兩組;對於乙組學生除施以自然科學之基礎訓練外,亦強調上述前瞻科技領域之整合學習。本所嗣於94年進一步開放所有非法律系(含文、商、管理)畢業背景者報考甲組,期待能更形擴充跨領域整合之光譜,使科技法律人才能成為兼具技術知識與人文精神的管理標竿。

  法律教育歷經神學研究、形上學與規範法學等三大研究階段,終在世紀之交邁向自然科學探索人類未來之新領域,這其中,資訊通訊科技與環境科技之發展,直接衝擊到人類生存之外在環境,而生物科技之進展,則正引領人類邁向一個探索生命奧秘的未知領域。智慧財產與比較法學,更是促進整體自然科學實用化的基石。不過,法律畢竟是制度化社會價值結論的機制,常常無法及時反映出社會變遷,同時,傳統教育亦無法充足法律人對各類科技發展之知識。另外,既有的高特考制度,又進一步限制了法律人以其他管道參與社會發展的動機與能力,終使社會對法律人產生極大的期待落差。因此,近年來,法律教育界對於如何讓法律教育跳脫聯考與高考的雙重箝制,進而培養出能契合社會需求之法律人,提出了許多改革的方向,其中包括了學士後法學教育的規劃。不過,若要實現整合法律與科技知識,培養明日法律與社會領袖的願景,無法完全倚賴傳統法律教育的規劃與方法,必須要藉助自然科學之資源與背景,使之與將法學充分搭配謀合。這是新興法律系所如科技法律研究所的優勢,也是國內重要科技學府競相籌設科技法律研究所之主因。清大科法所之存在與發展之目的與價值,正是繫於清華大學所提供之科技資源整合背景與追求全球化及卓越化之遠景上。既符合前瞻法律思維之發展趨勢,亦具備整合科技規範之客觀條件。

  綜言之,清大科法所之課程設計與教育計畫,是以培育兼具科學與法學研究能力之跨領域專業人才為目標,冀求能以高度國際化及融合傳統與非傳統的法律訓練、造就國家社會下一世代的領袖人才。


National Tsing Hua University (NTHU) has long been a world leading research and education institute in the realms of science and technology. In the aim of striving to become a complete and comprehensive university, NTHU progressively established various social science related departments in the past years, which impressed the nation with their innovative visions in higher education and proven NTUH’s capability in delivering outstanding academic performance in the social science sphere. In addition to social science, the need for law and management also surfaced with the fast development in technology. The intense interaction between law or management with the technology industry has become a grounding factor that closely affects the sustainable development for social economy and culture in Taiwan. NTHU is situated in the heart of HsinChu Science Park, the Silicon Valley of Taiwan, and apart from striving for academic excellence, it is also responding to the society’s pressing need by establishing departments in law and management.

With this background, many well established social elites, including Dr. Chun-shan Shen, Dr. George C. Tiao, Dr. Morris Chang and Dr. Charng Ven Chen, were dedicated in founding College of Technology Management (CTM) in NTHU. In 2000, CTM was officially established and Institute of Law for Science and Technology (ILST) being under CTM, admitted students in the same year. ILST was the first institute of law for science and technology certified by Ministry of Education. This breakthrough was a milestone to interdisciplinary education in law, science, and technology and it also demonstrated NTHU’s strong ambition in achieving prominence in the age of knowledge economy. NTHU has sets out a vision for itself, “Pursuing academic excellence, providing exceptional quality of teaching as well as first-rate facilities, comprehensive research fields with balanced development, outstanding school culture, excellence in management, sharing achievements with the community and science park, maintaining a close tie with the society and the industry and becoming one of the best universities conforming to international standards.” The establishment of ILST became a crucial link in realizing this vision.

Most of the leading law schools around the world have included intellectual property law as one of the most important legal expertise students should possess. Many of the leading IP law schools have the advantage of sitting in close vicinity to technology development centers. ILST too has the same advantage. Some of the renowned IP law programs focus particularly on E-Commerce, Internet Law and Bio-Science. In addition to incorporating similar courses as the core of Intellectual Property Law, ILST extended its expertise in the field of Info-communications, Biomedicine and Environmental & Energy Law. Utilizing International & Comparative Law as research basis, ILST hopes to provide Taiwan with legal professionals properly equipped to fulfill the need in the technology industry.

Initially, ILST intended to facilitate students with technology background (Science, Engineering, Medicine and Agriculture) into the legal profession. With elite education as our goal, ILST aimed to integrate the knowledge of technology and law, which in turn would enable our students with elite leadership qualities. Consequently, in the early stages of the admission, ILST only admitted students from technology background. ILST first offered basic legal education before introducing IP Law, Biotechnology Law, Info-communications Law and Environmental & Energy Law. Two years later, in response to the greater need of legal professionals with multidisciplinary background, ILST began accepting students with law background. Students with technology background and those with law background are categorized into Group A and Group B respectively. Group B students will be given basic technology training while emphasizing the ability of integrating multidisciplinary knowledge. In 2005, ILST further broadened the Group A admission criteria by admitting students with liberal arts, business and management background.

The importance of technology has advanced to the degree where it directly affects our life and environment. IP law is the foundation to the progress of science. However, current law system is usually the mechanism of regulating social values, but often fails to reflect social changes. Traditional legal education system also comes short in preparing students with different technological knowledge. Moreover, the system of bar exams further disincentivizes legal professionals to participate in society changes, which often results in great disappointment from the society. Many have proposed to eliminate the limitations imposed by bar exams and suggested advanced degree for legal education. As such, to equip students with elite leadership quality, the traditional legal education is no longer sufficient. This society needs a leader who has the knowledge of science as well as the expertise of law. An institute of law for science and technology has the advantage of preparing a leader with such qualities. This is the key reason why many institutes providing advanced legal degrees have emerged in this nation. The core value of ILST and its very existence lie upon NTHU’s vision to base on the technological resources and pursue globalization and excellence.